88 PAHTEI PROCEEDINGS OF AZERBAIJAN HIGH TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS https://doi.org/10.32010/mpmc2024.012 QƏLƏVİ METALLARIN KOMPLEKSLƏRİNİN İŞTİRAKI ILƏ NONİN-1 SİNTEZİNDƏ SƏMƏRƏLİ VƏ SADƏ ÜSÜL

Abstract

The dehydrohalogenation reaction of 1,2-dihalogenone in the presence of metal complex catalysts formed by crown ethers with alkali metal cations was studied under phase transfer catalysis conditions and a new, effective and simple method for the synthesis of nonine-1 was presented. The use of crown ethers in this method allows the process to be carried out at very low temperatures and under mild conditions. This, in turn, prevents the production of various waste and toxic products. In our study, the patterns of the dehydrohalogenation reaction of 1,2-dihalononone were studied in order to determine the optimal process conditions, determine the reason for the formation of the byproduct and increase the yield of the product. The influence of various complexing agents, alkalis, solvents, as well as the concentration of DB18K6 and KOH on the product yield was studied. It was found that increasing the concentration of KOH from 25 mmol to 50 mmol increases the yield of nonine-1, but at the next stage, the increase in concentration causes the isomerization of nonine-1 into nonadiene-1,2. In addition, as the concentration of DB18K6 increases, the yield of nonin-1 increases. This indicates that the dehydrohalogenation process actually occurs in the organic phase, and the transfer of alkali into the organic phase is a key factor in this process. In the proposed method, carrying out the dehydrohalogenation reaction of 1,2-dihalogenonane under phase-transfer catalysis with the participation of metal complex catalysts formed by crown ethers with alkali metal cations has advantages over the traditional method. The reaction uses inexpensive, harmless solvents. The reaction is carried out at low temperature (100-130°C). KOH is used as a base, and the most stable catalysts are crown ethers (DB18K6). The catalyst can be regenerated. As a result of all this, the product yield is high (96-98%).